Friday, November 29, 2019

Colonial Women Essays - Family, Womens History,

Colonial Women QUESTION THREE In order to fully understand and analyze a period of time, a full examination of people's everyday life is quite necessary. Although inferior to men, the roles and status of women in eighteenth century colonial America, contributed to the prospering society. The role of the family and extended kinship ties in the lives of African Americans is seen as a unifying and supporting force in times of suffering. The role and status of an eighteenth century colonial woman was clearly an overlooked responsibility. She was required to be her husband's assistant, ?not his equal?, but an inferior. She was expected to show her husband ?reverence? and be ?Submissive to his demands?. If a woman did not live up to these duties, there were often severe consequences to follow. For example, 128 men were tried for abusing their wives between 1630 and 1699. As one might expect, countless other cases never made as far as court. Women ?for the most part, keep at home and seldom appear in the streets, never in publick assemblies except at the churches or meetings.? Clearly, men were favored before the law, a woman's property becoming her husband's possession once she wed. According to the common law doctrine of coverture, she could not ?sue or be sued, make contracts, buy or sell property, or draft a will?. Housewives were responsible for a number of duties; cooking, cleaning, sewing, spinning and gardening. In addition to trading surplus foods and goods with other women, they salted, pickled, and preserved fruits and vegetables. In the absence of ones husband, they assumed their obligations. A woman's most important and most demanding responsibility was child rearing. ?Most women could expect to bear at least six children and delivered children at fairly regular intervals averaging every twenty to thirty months, often having the last child after the age of forty.? This is a time when women were not given equal rights to the common white man, as was true for the African Americans who also faced many grueling hardships. Since slaves spent their whole lives in complete bondage, they resorted and depended on their family as a source of comfort and control. Slavery was a painful reality, which the African American men and women wished to escape. ?Planters' records reveal how members of extended-kin groups provided support, assistance and comfort to each other.? In addition to the hard work in the fields, slaves were often beaten in front of the faces of their relatives, which added more to the excruciating pain. They often protested the harsh treatment of those people in their family. Families of slaves often live on plantations for generations, which leads to the development of the strongest extended kinship ties. ?If a nuclear family is broken up by sale, other relatives could help with child rearing and similar tasks?. The significance of these kinship ties is best displayed during this sort of occurrence. The role of the family offered the little hope and unity that slaves had. Although colonial women had a distinct role in society, it was clearly an overlooked responsibility, which they did not receive enough recognition for. In their hard work, they took on the responsibility of being wives, mothers, and housekeepers. The responsibilities that women took on were often larger then the duties of colonial men, yet they were considered inferiors. The role of family and extended kinship ties in the lives of African Americans, served as the emotional pillar and as the only sense of hope to these people. ?Among colonial blacks, the extended family served a more important function than it did among whites.? Colonial life can be described as a harsh reality that African Americans had to live through, searching for any source of hope and comfort, while women also took on large responsibilities for nothing in return. It was clearly a time period that favored the common white man, seeking new opportunities in colonial America. History Reports

Monday, November 25, 2019

Ascension on Mount Zion essays

Ascension on Mount Zion essays There are many things which can be said about the global impact of the Jewish people. Anti-Semitic views still dwell in many minds around the world, overburnt remnants of medieval times as well as more recent and more painful remembrances of the Holocaust. There are also those who prefer to believe the conspiracy theories of the Elders of Zion, fabricated document from the end of the 18th century with grossly anti-Semitic overtones, referring to Jewish world domination. Consequently, yet stemming from different perspectives as those listed above, there are those who trust the fate of the people of Israel to the destiny of the entire world, an ethno-centric view which deals its arguments from an epistemologically correct position. Finally, there are those historians who objectively applaud the Jewish mind and its transgression of history, finding this people at the vertex of culture, philosophy, religion and society. Indeed, what other people in this world have witnessed and taken pa rt in more of the human career... have recorded more of it, shaped more of it, originated more of it, above all, suffered more of it, than any other.. The purpose of this essay is to describe the impact of the Jewish people on the 20th century by analyzing their search for a nation state. Ultimately, a better understanding of Jewish culture will be attempted, with specific attention given to the Zionist movement, and its effects on the past decades. It is not false to state that the Jewish people have offered humanity a road to universality by engendering change in ever-increasing circles; ripples that permeated and affected man himself. Minds such as those of Freud, Einstein and Marx have offered new insights into the human psyche, the physical universe and the social environment of man. However, even such examples fade in comparison with the Jewish inspiration to religion. Two of the greatest world faiths, Christianity and Islam, stand as ...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Consumer and Commercial Relationship in the UK Sale of Goods Act Dissertation

Consumer and Commercial Relationship in the UK Sale of Goods Act - Dissertation Example Much has been decided based on the jurisdictional framework of cases and its surroundings, the arguments put forth by It is often seen that where case deliberations could hinge on, perhaps a wildcard or a substantive piece of argument that has perhaps, eluded the most brilliant of legal maneuverings and arguments, by either the defense or appellant counsel. Or it could also be in terms of certain crucial elements in the case that one party has missed and the other has used. The section which we propose to deliberate, viz. Section 14 has been a controversial one, more so, since it has fuelled more speculative thinking that it has laid to rest, and also because it has been acquiescent to major elucidation and explanations, depending upon the perspectives of the Jury and judges. Perhaps more than anything else, the aspects that matter relates to whether the strictest interpretation could provide and dispense justice- in terms of monetary compensation and damages to the aggrieved, and the need for recompense, on the part of the defendant, in commensuration with the extent, and level of a misdemeanor committed. And whether the best course of justice could possibly be pursued and met by adopting judicial stands and legal proclivity. While the hallowed institution of law cannot be used to perpetuate and enforce furtherance of commercial interests of one party at the disadvantage of another, simultaneously, it also needs to be seen that one party does not suffer detriment at the expense of another. Again the aspect of satisfactory quality is also a matter of heated debate. For one thing, only transactions regarding goods and services could come within the purview of Sale of Goods Act and thus be eligible for restitution should the need arise, for another, the term satisfactory quality is also subject to various meaning and interpretations, taking cognizance of the aspects surrounding it. This it is quite possible

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Strategic Plan Assignment

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Strategic Plan - Assignment Example The second reason is the indications that the program will seek to improve the resilience and safety of water infrastructure, as well as the communities. The program also provides a guideline that will facilitate transportation of trade commodities on the coastal channels of the nation as well as inland waterways. The plan will also protect, restore and manage aquatic ecosystems that will benefit the entire country (US Army Corps of Engineers, 2014). After an assessment of the likely advantages of the project, I realize that it is suitable for sustainable water resources management in the country. However, there is a need that the public supports the program to ensure that it succeeds. GPRA requires that strategic plans have six components, which U.S. Army Corps of Engineers fully submitted. The first requirement is the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers should have a comprehensive mission statement. For this case, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has a statement that is to deliver vital engineering for military and public management services. The mission also seeks to provide partnerships in peace and war to energize the American economy and strengthen the security of the country (General Accounting Ofï ¬ ce, 1997). The second requirement by GPRA is that the agency should have long-term objectives and goals for all critical functions of operations. The next item is the organization should provide strategies that will ensure the attainment of the set goals and objectives as well as those that it targets annually. Considerably, the strategic plan of the institution will occur for both long and short-term projects. There are also mechanisms laid down that will ensure tha t the set objectives become a reality. At the same time, there are relationships between the long-term plans and the annual goals. The latter point is in line with GPRA’s fourth requirement of the institution.An analysis of the strategic plan indicates that it adheres to the fifth element of GPRA, which is the identification of critical factors that are external to the agency and may affect attainments of the set plans. In addition, there is the need that all strategic plans have a description of the program evaluations used to revise or establish the strategic plans. Considerably, the program is appropriate because it satisfies all the six fields that GPRA requires and works in accordance with the constitution. For this case, the plan is in line with Paperwork Reduction Act 1995 as well as the Clinger-Cohen Act that aim to increase efficiency. For this case, there is a consideration that the public should support the project because of the provision for the fifth element of the GPRA requirements.   

Monday, November 18, 2019

How does perception and awareness of new paradigms and genres Term Paper

How does perception and awareness of new paradigms and genres contribute to creativity - Term Paper Example This is why humans are unpredictable at most times because we strive to satisfy our fantasies which cannot be actualized in the real life. We change our way of doing things by being creative - a process which can give us the pleasure of perceiving our desires and fantasies. The Relation of the Poet to Day Dreaming by Sigmund Freud exposes the role of fantasies and our desire to satisfy them through trying to perceive new things. Using childhood activities Freud clearly shows that we continuously create our own small worlds ‘fantasies’ to arouse our pleasures and the only difference is that adults are not willing to publicly state their fantasies. These fantasies are our creative imagination with the purpose of solving our own shortcomings or inadequacies and this is a process started in childhood of every individual. The imaginative creativity of children is seen in their absorbing and treasured preoccupation during childhood plays. The child creates his own world totally alienating everything else in the real world. The only players in his ‘world of play’ are items that the child wants and he rearranges them to achieve the satisfaction he wants (Freud 36). Even though the child realizes that he is playing, he takes his creations seriously and they emotionally give him the satisfaction he wants. By relating his play to the real world and borrowing from the experiences and tangible items from the real world, he creates a link to reality and real life becomes worthwhile to him. The versatility of this power of creative imagination is displayed by the adaptations of real life events and experiences the child goes through and their recreation in the child’s ‘play’. Childhood experiences are an invaluable tool in development of the process of thought and they fundamen tally have the most influence in creating the

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Continental Cablevision Inc Expansion

Continental Cablevision Inc Expansion Executive Summary The Joint-Venture agreement: On February 1994, Continental Cablevision Inc., the third largest U.S. cable TV Company and Fintelco, Argentinas leading television-cable operator had drafted a joint venture structure after several meetings and negotiations. The joint-venture structure took six months to develop. Continental Cablevision: Two Harvard graduates founded Continental in 1963, and the success of the company based on growth strategy i.e. ‘cluster cable system, and as on Dec 1993, the company serves has 3 million subscribers in 19 states of U.S. The company starts exploring international market because of saturation of US cable market and Governments deregulation of cable industry. In 1993, company started explores joint venture in Singapore and Australia. In the meantime, Robert Stengel received a call from Jack Crosby, associate of Texas businessman showed concerns investment opportunity with Fintelco. Fintelco: Samuel Liberman, an Argentine entrepreneur founded Fintelco in 1980. The growth strategy was also same as Continental. The company was Argentines largest cable operating service provider and around 390,000 cable subscribers by 1990 in Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Rosario and other Argentine cities. The company also bought Video Vision in 1993, the largest cable-television-system operator in Cordoba. As the cable market was optimistic, Liberman wants to expansion of the company but due to lack of well-developed local capital market as well as the Argentinas capital market did understand cable market, and it is new for the Argentines bank to do investment in media sector. Factors enhanced the joint venture: Exhibits 10 shows that Argentinas cable market had become most developed in Latin America, by 1994 approx 4 million subscribers and the growth rate of 50% while U.S. cable market towards maturation phase. Argentinas cable industry deregulated by the Government, which created competitive and strong cable market in Argentina. Under the deregulation plan, U.S. investors can invest 100% in cable systems and 25% of broadcast- television station in Argentina. Conclusion: The joint venture of Continental and Fintelco and 50-50 deal was as a win-win for both partners as commended by Sachs even though there are few pit holes. Fintelco needs investment to expand the services in Argentina where Continental exploring foreign investment for expanding business outside U.S. In this deal, Continental gets a local partner so that the investment risk reduces where as Fintelco not only get financial investment also gets technological assistance, experienced management team, which helps Fintelco aggressive entry in Argentinas cable market with new strategy. Continental Cablevision, Inc. is a leading provider of broadband communications services. As of December 31, 1996, the Companys cable television systems and those of its U.S. affiliates passed approximately 7.4 million homes and provided service to approximately 4.4 million basic cable subscribers, making the Company the third-largest cable television system operator in the United States. In addition, Continental has pursued investments in sectors that are complementary to its core business, including interests in International broadband communications Telecommunications and technology, including competitive-access telephony and direct broadcast satellite (DBS) service and Programming services. On November 15, 1996, Continental merged with and into Continental Merger Corporation; a wholly owned subsidiary of U.S. WEST, Inc. Continental Merger Corporation changed its name to Continental Cablevision, Inc. on the Merger Date. The Company or Continental refers to both the Successor Corporation and the Predecessor Corporation. Continental is one of the multimedia businesses of U.S. WEST and is a member of the U.S. West Media Group (the Media Group). The Media Group is comprised of: cable and telecommunications network businesses outside of the Communications Group fourteen state region, domestic and international wireless communications network businesses and domestic and international directory and information services businesses. Media Group is one of two major groups that make up U S WEST. The other major group, the Communications Group, provides telecommunications services in fourteen western and midwestern states. See the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to the Merger. U.S. Cable Television Business Cable television is a service that delivers a wide variety of channels of television programming, consisting primarily of video entertainment, sports and news, as well as informational services, locally originated programming and digital audio programming, to the homes of subscribers who pay a monthly fee for the service. Television and radio signals are received by off-air antennas, microwave relay systems, satellite earth stations and fiber-optic cables and then distributed to subscribers homes over networks of coaxial and fiber-optic cables. The joint venture of Continental and Fintelco was a long-term strategic move in the history of cable service provider. Entry of continental in to the Argentine market was a good strategic move for the company. Continental exploring the international market hence, the U.S. cable market reaches stage of saturation and the deregulation of cable industry by U.S. government make the cable market is more competitive in U.S. so joint venture of Continental and Fintelco is a good strategic move because it will reduce the market entry risk in foreign market using local partner in joint venture For Continental six months will be not enough to study a foreign market and invest so getting a local partner who is premier service provider will help to run the business in profit in very short time. The foreign investor no need license to provide the cable service otherwise it will delay the process in this Continental will save the time and they can use best the local resources. Fintelco is Argentines largest cable operating service provider and they have a better understand of the cable market than a foreign investors and it will be difficult to fight head to head for a foreign investor against a local company so for Continental a good move to choose Fintelco a venture partner. Amos and Samuel both are self-made man and they have similarities of personality and they are quite comfortable each other not just at business level they are personally comfortably each other. This means they trust each other and have respect for each other so in this situation doing business will be easier for long-term partnership. Continentals success of the company based on growth strategy i.e. ‘cluster cable system, which is same strategy of Fintelco so it is easier to executive and understand the management of the company together as well if they have common strategies it will be easier to make future marketing strategies of the company. Argentinas government deregulation plan helps Continental to move strategically to invest in Argentinas cable company Fintelco. Even though if Fintelco will discontinue with Continental in this scenario the Continental does not need to find venture partner urgently because Continentals investment in Fintelco is subject to regulatory approval by Federal authorities working in Argentina. The recent approval of a bi-lateral investment and trade agreement between Argentina and the U.S. make it possible for the first time for U.S. companies to own cable systems in Argentina. Therefore, it allows U.S. investors to invest 100% in cable industry. So there is possibilities for Continental to buy the 50% share from Fintelco. When Argentina entered the decade of the 1990s, the economic performance was dull it over a prolonged period of time. From the period of 1975 through 1990, the country was plagued by high inflation and general economic stagnation. Inflation seldom fell below 100 percent; there were bouts of hyperinflation, notably in 1985 and 1989-90. In the year 1990, real GDP stood 6 percent below the level in 1974. Over this period of time, the general stance of economic policy was inward-looking and interventionist, although there were occasional attempts to adopt more market oriented policies. All-out crises erupted twice during the 1980s. But with the help of joint venture of Continental and Fintelco, these companies were able to cope up with the Inflation. All the above factors indicate that the Continentals move to entry into Argentines market was a good strategic move, and Fintelco was an appropriate venture partner. In Businesses joint ventures or partnership is very important to strong the relation for long-term commitment or collaboration to start or continue short-term project. The opportunities and risk of Continental and Fintelco joint venture are as follows: Opportunities: Local market knowledge This venture has an advantage of a local partner, knowledge of the local market is extremely important for a company to do business in other country. It is more important for an entertainment industry to know about their customs, culture, political scenario and regulatory laws. In this venture, Fintelco is a local leading cable provider so it is easier for the company to customize the programme and marketing accordingly. Sharing of resources Fintelco is a local company so there are many data available with the company, which can be used for marketing and customizing progemme otherwise for Continental it will take time to conduct surveys, gathering data and analysis it consume lot of money as well as time. So with this venture there are lots of opportunity to save time and money which is so important for a company so that they can use the money for strategic investment. Continentals technical assistance offering will help the venture to upgrade the technology in Argentinas cable market without any cost paying. Advance technology edge will give business advantage as well as lost operating cost. Later, the venture can sell their technology skills to small cable operator so they can extend their services. Argentinas cable market In Latin America, Argentinas television and cable markets it has the largest number of television receivers (8,000/thousand population) in the region affter Brazil and Mexico by 1994. And its cable penetration was 50% (case studys exhibits 10). It is good opportunity for the venture to make strategy to capture market share as much as possible while acquiring small cable service provider or extending the services in new regions. Flexible venture One important aspect of the venture is the venture is flexible and partner of Fintelco is Continental, which based in U.S. The recent approval of a bi-lateral investment and trade agreement between Argentina and the U.S. make it possible for the first time for U.S. companies to own cable systems in Argentina and invest up to 100%. Therefore, it allows Continental to invest as much as possible to expand the market. Fintelco get regular investment from the venture partner and on other side Continental able to expand the business international market without and legal barrier for investment. The flexible venture also be a risk that both partner might be internally try to increase the percentage of share holding of the camapany. Telephone and Satellite markets Argentinas tele-communications and wireless cable is underdeveloped so there are opportunities for the venture to investment in this sector as well as extend their business to reduce the risk doing one business. Risk: Different cultures and management styles Both companies culture and management style is different which may be result in poor integration and co-operation among the staff. Continental not just limited to investment they will share the management committee. Objective of the venture The objectives of the venture were not very clear and communicated to everyone involved. This venture is most like to their personal preference and level of comfortable and mutual trust. But in future absence of their may create confusion and may the venture get trouble, Leadership If the management committee will share by venture partner then it will be difficult for both leader to be present at all meeting to guide and mentor the newly formed managerial committee that may be difficult to follow the value of the company. Success of the joint venture was dependent on clear aims and objectives, mutual trust and open discussion among partners. The business plan should be communicated effectively and clearly at all levels of staff and involvement of majority of employees. In 1994, the senior management of Continental Cablevision contemplated acquiring a 50 % interest in the largest Argentine television cable company, Fintelco, for $80 million up front, and an additional $70 million over the next few years, Continental is facing a maturing market in the U.S., and sought new avenues of growth and outlets for its strong positive cash flow. Meanwhile, Fintelco needed cash for the aggressive build-out of its cable system. Strategically and organizationally, the investment seemed to make sense. The forecasted cash flows in Argentine pesos. As a matter of government policy, the peso was pegged to the dollar at 1:1 exchange rate. But whether this was sustainable, the Economist Intelligence Unit projected inflation in the dollar at 2.5 % for the next 5 years and inflation in the peso at 6 to 12 % over the same period. There were no firms comparable to Fintelco listed for trading on the Argentine equity market. Continentals analyst took a sample of betas for cable firms in the U.S,, unlevered and averaged them, and then relieved the average to drive a firm beta for Fintelco. The country beta for Argentina currently was 1.96. The countrys risk yield premium was 350 basis points over U.S. treasuries at the time. Continental was uncertain about the governments commitment to maintaining a 1:1 convertibility between the Argentine peso and the U.S dollar, so the analysts modeled the cost of capital estimate under both scenarios. Under the 1:1 convertibility and devaluation scenarios, the resulting estimates of cost of capital were 20.75 and weighted cost of capital (WACC) 19.21% respectively. Exhibits 1 2 give the calculations of the WACC and NPV for the investment. The result presents two exchange rate scenarios: 1:1 and depreciating peso. Under the stable scenario, the NPV would be $96.2 million and under the depreciating peso scenario, the NPV would be -$15 million. At that point in time analysts should not be biased with the new venture and valuate the price of the deal again, specifically with the depreciating peso scenario. Both the companies were offering different kinds of deals. One was offering 75% while the second was offering 25% but finally they came to 50-50 partnership deal. Apart from few pit holes, this deal was a fair deal for both the companies. Continental wanted to enter into the Argentine market and Fintelco needed capital at that time. So, overall, the deal worked well and both companies were in win win position. In an international joint venture, generally, small enterprises suffer two basic disadvantages that large enterprises by definition are without: Elevated rates of employee costs. Working capital requirements. Large enterprises like Continental cablevision have lower costs per unit turnover and substantially larger cash flow capacities. Moreover, these kinds of joint ventures represent a high risk factor in terms of debt repayment capacity, often because of inadequate financial know-how and limited access to guidance and consultation. Long term success of the joint venture is additionally contingent upon a heightened degree of financial flexibility that enables rapid adaptation to changing market needs. The disappointment with large scale, capital intensive and often import-dependent businesses has been growing long before the current global economic downturn set in. Continental and Fintelco has a lot to blame on themselves for their experience with large enterprises, reports of their diminishing impact on inclusive economic growth is emerging unmistakably from across the globe. As new economic realities begin to hold sway, slowly but surely the practicality of these kinds of ventures running on gigantic employee and capital turnovers is slipping away. It holds out a multitude of short and long term benefits that are of especial relevance to this joint venture. In the context of both immediate and long term goals, a policy shift in favor of rapid promotion of smaller enterprises is perhaps the only policy priority standing between Continental and Fintelco and a rapidly prospering economy. There are significant challenges in this direction, none more pressing than the need to create a mindset change among these companies with regards to grassroots entrepreneurship. Further practical problems were in the form of skilled manpower shortage, a disturbing enterprise mortality rate and devastating infrastructural deficiencies, especially in terms of security, power and roads. Improving availability and access to finance and equity was the most critical challenge by far,. In order to ensure rapid development, both companies must effect swift fiscal, monetary and industrial policy changes in order to capitalize on its huge potential of venture. A lot more things depend on the effective management of its human resource capital its sizeable population that has been traditionally dependent on extremely small, subsistence-level enterprises. It is a matter of fact that the fate of Continental and Fintelco ambitious economic goals rests largely on its ability to convert this talent into tangible economic growth.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Cultures in Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird :: Harper Lee Kill Mockingbird Essays

‘To Kill A Mockingbird’ is a brilliantly written novel by Harper Lee. The novel is set in Alabama, USA, in the 1930’s and tells the story of a lawyer who defends a wrongly accused black man while trying to raise his two children, Scout and Jem, as they go through childhood and adolescence, life’s most active learning stages. The book is written through the eyes of Atticus’ naà ¯ve young daughter, Scout, and southern ways enhance the plot of the story to give it a realistic and historical perspective. The portrayal of southern culture is shown in an array of subjects. Family, racism, hypocrisy, poverty and hatred are just some of many. The novel is set in the sleepy town of Maycomb, which, although a fictional town, is based on Monroeville, Alabama and is a perfect microcosm of the ways and culture of people during the 1930’s Depression. Maycomb was not on any major routes. It was â€Å"an island in a patchwork sea of cotton fields and timberland† Harper Lee describes Maycomb as a â€Å"Tired old town†. The often-humid climate made summers almost unbearable, and the seasons couldn’t clearly be distinguished. It didn’t rain or snow often, (it hadn’t snowed since 1885). When it rained the streets turned to red slop. The town basically consisted of an oak tree-lined square with one main street. There was a courthouse, which sagged in the square and a jail â€Å"a miniature gothic joke one cell wide and two cells high†. There was also a newspaper office, a few general stores and a school, which was mainly populated by children from outlying farms. The coloured neighbourhood was behind the town dump, completely separated from the white community. People rarely came and left Maycomb, because it was not on any major routes. It was the administrative centre of Maycomb County, but too far from the river to grow from commercial wealth. The town grew â€Å"inward† according to Harper Lee, which, by 1933, led to a caste system in which people had become â€Å"utterly predictable† to each other. Atticus doesn’t believe one should judge people on what their backgrounds are like, and tries to teach Jem and Scout this. But when Aunt Alexandra arrived she â€Å"fitted into the world of Maycomb like a hand into a glove.† Some families in town were respectable, and others weren’t. For example, no matter how poor the Cunninghams were, they still had standards. If they borrowed some money, or someone did a job for them, they would always pay them back. If they could not afford to pay them in money, they would pay them in kind. For example, when Atticus

Monday, November 11, 2019

Building a greener future

In December 2006, the Department for Communities issued a audience paper titled Constructing a Greener Future: Towards Zero Carbon Development. It included proposals to fasten Part L of the current Building Regulations so that from 2016 new places would breathe zero C, with the ambitious proposal that all new non-dwelling edifices will breathe zero C by 2019. This was chiefly introduced in order to make the Governments marks to cut down emanations as a consequence from human actions. These marks have to be reached by 2050 as these marks are lawfully adhering under the Climate Change Act. â€Å" The UK ‘s 21 million homes are responsible for 27 % of CO2 emanations, consume half of H2O supplies and bring forth 8 % of waste † ( Communities and Local Government, 2008 ) With more than 200,000 houses planned to be built every twelvemonth to house a turning population, ‘sustainable places ‘ seem to be the lone reply. The complex energy salvaging engineering employed in such houses frequently claim to be able to execute against the Government ‘s marks, nevertheless sometimes they are unable to execute due to their complexness, invariably altering markets and compatibility with other engineerings. Established in 1975, the Stewart Milne Group is one of the UK ‘s largest independent home-builders which is renowned for its invention of lumber system engineerings. In response to the Government ‘s aspirations, the Stewart Milne Group designed the Sigma Home. It has been constructed as a three floor townhouse, arranged over four floors to understate the edifices footmark whilst still maximizing populating adjustment. It has an unfastened program layout which makes effectual usage of natural visible radiation and besides allows for the edifice to be flexible in offering assorted layouts from household place, house portion or even office infinite. The Sigma Home took merely 8 hebdomads ( compared to the normal 24 hebdomads ) to construct due to the usage of offsite engineerings including the closed lumber frame walls and the pre-fabricated bathroom cods. In order to keep the conformity for Level 5, the Sigma Home offers ternary glassy Windowss, low energy contraptions and micro renewable engineering. Water salvaging devices have been used throughout to accomplish the 80 liters of H2O use per individual per twenty-four hours required for Code 5. Fabric insularity at 0.15w/m2k provided by the wall, floor and roof elements with high public presentation lumber Windowss and an air tightness scope of 1-3m3/m2/h agencies that the building is â€Å" 10 times better than current Building Regulations demands † ( Stewart Milne Group, n.d. ) A solar chimney on the roof positioned above the stairway optimises the inactive airing by utilizing the stack consequence in the step instance enabling air to be drawn throughout the place for chilling. Lighting, hot H2O and infinite warming are provided by solar thermal, photovoltaic roof panels and roof mounted air current turbines. In December 2007, the Stewart Milne Group commissioned the Oxford Institute for Sustainable Development and Architecture ( OISDA ) to measure and supervise the Sigma Home whilst it was occupied by a household of four. They occupied the house for four two hebdomad periods, one in each season of the twelvemonth. The place was lived in every bit normal as possible with the household partaking in typical day-to-day activities. The residents experiences were recorded utilizing several research methods including ; pictures, interviews, log sheets and thermic comfort studies. OISDA monitored the temperature, humidness, indoor air quality, energy, gas and H2O ingestion and window/door gaps. This meant that a better apprehension of how residents respond to moo energy contraptions and complex energy salvaging engineering could be ascertained and used for future research and design. The energy public presentation of the Sigma Home is an betterment upon conventional houses, but failed to accomplish the predicted energy public presentation set out in the design phases of the undertaking. It was suggested that betterments need to be made in the air stringency and the cloth of the building through heat keeping in order to better on the energy public presentation. Thermal images were produced during the trial on the belongings whilst the household were populating at that place. These revealed that the â€Å" heat loss parametric quantity was approx 40 % worse than the predicted design phase appraisal † ( Stewart Milne Group, 2009. ) As the edifice is unfastened program it is hard to lock air into peculiar suites and with warm air lifting, heat would necessarily be lost through window and door adjustments and the roof. One solution would be to better the air tight seals around window and door adjustments every bit good as put ining an air membrane in the roof t o cut down heat loss. However, the belongings does maximize the usage of solar addition by using big countries of glazing, in peculiar on the land floor at the forepart of the edifice. But, by holding so much glass in the edifice struggles with involvements of privateness as one of the life countries is at the forepart of the belongings. The glass is ternary glazed ; it is improbable that solar addition would act upon the temperature within the edifice. This engineering means that unreal lighting is improbable to be used during daylight hours, nevertheless would merely be truly effectual if the belongings was south facing. The Sigma Home is east facing so would non have the maximal sum of daylight all twenty-four hours. When unreal lighting is required in the edifice, low energy visible radiation bulbs are used throughout. However, in some countries of the belongings these bulbs are non appropriate. They are by and large slow to react and in suites where there is small solar addition such as the bathroom, by the clip the bulbs have responded and are able to breathe sufficient visible radiation, the user has most likely turned the light off. Quite a high proportion of the electricity used in the Sigma Home is generated by micro renewable engineering. Wind turbines are located on the roof of the edifice and generates â€Å" small effectual electricity † ( Stewart Milne, 2009. ) This engineering is non suited to the low rise urban location of the Sigma Home where the edifice is shielded from the air current by environing edifices, therefore merely able to bring forth really small electricity. There used to be three wind turbines on the roof, but ironically strong air currents brought down one of the turbines and have damaged another. This raises a Health and Safety issue with this engineering particularly if this paradigm is to be rolled out on a larger undertaking. The tallness of the belongings besides suggests that the occupier of the belongings would be unable to keep and mend this engineering which would necessitate the expertness of specializer contractors. Photovoltaic panels have been installed on the roof and the south facing gable wall and norm at bring forthing 27kWh/m2/year over the twelvemonth. The photovoltaic ‘s are good in the manner that they generate a high per centum ( about 50 % ) of the electricity used within the edifice. However, the cost of put ining photovoltaic engineering and keeping it can frequently outweigh any benefit. Besides the panels public presentation are frequently dependent on the sum of sunshine they have entree to. Since installing of the panels on the south facing wall, the Barrett Green House has been built next to the Sigma Home. This severely reduces the sum of sunshine able to be absorbed by the photovoltaic ‘s and besides reduces the handiness to the panels for care excessively. Solar thermal panels are besides located on the roof. The energy from the panels preheats the H2O for warming and domestic usage. The solar thermic engineering is equal for its intent and is regarded as one of the most successful and cost effectual sustainable engineerings. However, the peculiar merchandise nowadays at the Sigma Home has been discontinued from the market which raises issues associated with future care and replacing. It seems that merchandises on the sustainable engineerings market are systematically altering and are likely to go out-of-date rapidly and newer and more efficient engineerings are adopted for other undertakings, go forthing earlier merchandises excess. Solar thermic engineering does hold its restrictions though. Often sufficient heat storage is non installed significance it is hard to synchronize the end product with the resident ‘s demands, which may include heating the edifice in summer to utilize the energy from the panels. Underfloor heating engineering has been adopted throughout the belongings. The heat is supplied from a low NOx gas boiler that is capable of providing up to 14kW, nevertheless the mean demand would merely be about 4kW. Underfloor heating tends to hold a clip slowdown in reacting to the resident ‘s coveted temperature and residents may invariably set the thermoregulator because of this and utilize more energy that is required. By utilizing this engineering excessively besides means that care and replacing would be debatable by holding to raise the flooring. Low H2O content radiators may hold been more preferred to heat the edifice alternatively of underfloor warming. Low H2O radiators require really small energy to heat the little sums of H2O within the radiator ; nevertheless, this would intend that lasting fitted radiators would cut down the flexibleness of the edifice. Rooms by and large retain their heat due to the cloth and stuffs of the edifice. By utilizing heavy panels and tiles on blockwork would retain heat which is a positive in some facets, nevertheless this temperature may non be comfy in sleeping rooms. Louvered and meshed airing panels in Windowss are frequently adopted to better the airing of the belongings twenty-four hours or dark whilst keeping security. These engineerings are non adopted in the Sigma Home, nevertheless the interior decorators have envisaged airing by building a balcony for the maestro sleeping room on the 3rd floor which would supply some shading. By opening the balcony doors in the maestro sleeping room, internal heat additions. The placement of the doors is effectual in the maestro sleeping room as it means warm lifting air from the edifice can go forth via the balcony doors. The life room on the first floor has been designed to overhang the living/ dining country on the land floor which would supply shadowing on cheery yearss. Throughout the belongings there are LED room temperature panels which tell the occupier the room temperature and the demand ( if any ) to supply airing or warming. The lone hazard of overheating in the edifice aside from solar additions is from internal heat additions such as heat generated from family contraptions. The Sigma Home purposes at understating internal heat additions by utilizing low energy electrical goods and low energy lighting. By utilizing low energy contraptions and lighting, it lowers the demand to command overheating and to guarantee that the residents do non necessitate extra air conditioning which would utilize more energy. The Stewart Milne Group did experiment with the usage of stage alteration stuffs in the Sigma Home. Energain ( manufactured from Dupont ) uses wax that thaws at about 26 & A ; deg ; degree Celsiuss and Acts of the Apostless as a signifier of latent heat storage that absorbs heat from the edifice as it starts to overheat. As the temperature so lowers, Energain changes its belongings from a liquid to a solid once more and releases the stored heat back into the room. Unfortunately the wax is flammable so the merchandise needs to be protected by gypsum board which raises inquiries of its effectivity and its ability to be used in sustainable places if the Sigma Home is a paradigm to be rolled out on larger undertakings. If the edifice does overheat, a solar stack has been installed at the top of the edifice and its chief map is to let warm air to air out out. The stack sits above the stairwell and takes in warm air as it rises. A heat detector clears and closes a blowhole at the top of the stack to pull off the optimal temperature in the edifice. However, the stack can move as a funnel which channels external noise to air out down in the belongings. As the M25 and M1 are all close the noise can be rather annoying. The many Windowss located within the belongings besides reduces the hazard of overheating. It was established though, that merely 4 out of the 25 Windowss were used systematically whilst the edifice was being tested. This could so cut down the sum of Windowss required within the belongings which would be addressed in the design phases of farther physiques. A mechanical airing with heat recovery system has been installed in the Sigma Home which is required for Code 5 and 6 houses. Extractor s for the mechanical airing systems have been fitted in wet countries such as the bathroom. They extract warm, damp air to the heat recovery unit where the heat is transferred to warm the fresh entrance air, which is so supplied at low force per unit area to habitable suites through blowholes. The H2O use is good within the Code for Sustainable Homes bounds for Code 5 of 80 liters per individual per twenty-four hours. The edifice operates a gray H2O recycling unit which takes waste H2O from lights-outs and the showers and cleans and filters it for re-use in blushing the lavatory. The Ecoplay system is self monitoring and shops the Grey H2O for a upper limit of 24 hours before being removed from the system to guarantee hygiene criterions are maintained in the belongings. Some of the electrical contraptions have H2O use clippers on them, to guarantee the H2O use for Code 5 is besides maintained. The dish washer uses 10 liters of H2O per rhythm, the lavation machine uses 40 liters. One negative of utilizing H2O usage decrease engineering is that frequently occupants necessitate to utilize more H2O to carry through activities within the place such as blushing the lavatory. Depending on the burden of rinsing, more H2O may be required excessively. However, if the residents excee d utilizing 80 liters of H2O per individual per twenty-four hours, the Sigma Home would lose its Code 5 position. It is clear that belongingss such as the Sigma Home have a repute of utilizing complex and specialist engineering. Such engineerings should be explained to the residents before the handover to guarantee that the residents are cognizant of what the edifices engineering is capable of and how to understate energy usage. Simple but elaborate accounts and diagrams should be available in the edifice with an aftercare hotline, to guarantee residents are capable of utilizing the engineering. After having feedback from the probe, Stewart Milne ( 2009 ) have now developed the KISS attack â€Å" Keep It Simple Stupid † and besides believe that place care understandings could be compulsory in the hereafter, which would enable residents to go familiar with the engineering. Using the Sigma Home research undertaking to inform the following phase of research and development, Stewart Milne Group has now embarked on making the Sigma II Build System. This is designed to larn from the yesteryear of the Sigma Home and to foster the demand for low energy places, low C places whilst supplying a solution that is easy to construct, maintain and usage by residents. BRE ( 2009 ) believes that â€Å" accomplishing a low energy usage society will depend on consumers themselves altering the manner they use their places to do a positive impact on cut downing their energy ingestion. † Code for sustainable placesDecisionMentionsCommunities and Local GovernmentStewart Milne Group ( n.d ) Advancing Tomorrows HomeStewart Milne 2009 the hereafter of low energy, C impersonal places.BREThe experimental household commented that there was a deficiency of drying installations within the belongings which would so increase energy use by utilizing a tumble drier. Their recommendations were to optimize the infinite at the top of the belongings. As the belongings is four floor high and heat rises, this would be suited, nevertheless transporting wet rinsing from the kitchen on the land floor to a room on the 4th floor is non practical. It would besides be reasonable to hold designed the sleeping rooms so that they would hold been on the land and first floors. This would intend that the sleeping rooms would be kept at a comfy temperature. This would intend the heat would lift to the upper floors and the contact with the land would besides better its imperturbability. However, this agreement of suites is non conventional as this would intend sleeping rooms would be following to the kitchen and as the belongings is tall it would be unacceptable for the kitchen to be farther up in the belongings.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Could Cannabis Cure Professor Ramos Blog

Could Cannabis Cure FDA Approves CBD Drug Epidiolex This video titled â€Å"FDA Approves CBD Drug Epidiolex† by Dean, from the YouTube channel called CBD School, was very informational and easy to understand and I gave it 8 out of 10 stars. It informs the viewer that a new cannabidiol (CBD) based medicine derived from the marijuana plant called Epidiolex was just approved by the FDA. It was developed by GW Pharmaceuticals to mainly treat two rare forms of epilepsy, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome. These two types of epilepsy are frequently resistant to treatment yet cannabidiol has been showing promising signs for treatment. This approval will help not only the patients with this condition but also the cannabidiol industry as well to get more credible in the modern world of medicine. This video gave enough information for anyone to get a grasp of the main idea so then after it they could even watch more videos he has made or go look to the research itself. His demeanor was a little bit stiff yet he spoke clearly. He tried to repeat his topics so that we would not forget them during the middle of it which was helpful as well as talked about other cannabis products to plug his other videos into this one. That was a smart move because then you want to continue watching. Again, this video was 8 out of 10 stars and the only reason it got two below perfect was that it didn’t explain the scheduling for the DEA that much or about cannabidiol itself. So in addition to this video, here is some information I have gathered to piece the video together a bit more for those who don’t quite understand everything he is saying. First I want to explain what epilepsy is for those who have never heard of it or know very little about it. In an article about cannabidiol and epilepsy it defines epilepsy as, â€Å"uncontrolled seizures, which can be associated with poor quality of life and mental illness† which effects roughly 50 million people worldwide (Ali, Scheffer Sadleir 1). Yet as Ali et al. states, â€Å"The most severe group of childhood epilepsies are the developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs)†¦ devastating disorders are defined by frequent seizures and epileptiform abnormalities that result in severe cognitive and behavioral impairment† with about 24% of them dying within 20 years of being diagnosed (1). Dravet syndrome is a prototypic DEE so it stems from the more severe group of epilepsies which makes it harder to treat with regular antiepileptic drugs. In the results of one of the main studies of Epidiolex that was approved by the FDA reveals that, â€Å"This randomi zed, controlled trial showed that cannabidiol resulted in a greater reduction in convulsive seizure frequency than placebo among children and young adults with drug-resistant Dravet syndrome† (Devinsky, Ottin, et al., 2018). This is great news because it shows that these drug resistant syndromes have a weakness. Also, it is the small victories with cannabidiol that could lead to the rescheduling of this plant so we can find other medicinal ways that it could help the world. Now since the cannabis plant is still considered a Schedule One drug it was hard to get the FDA, let alone the DEA, to approve any medicine that was derived from this plant. What a does it mean to be a Schedule One drug? Well on the DEA website it states, â€Å"Schedule I drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. Some examples of Schedule I drugs are: heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana (cannabis), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy), methaqualone, and peyote†. With the studies that have been proving that the cannabis plant has medicinal values it was only a matter of time before the FDA and DEA had to reconsider this scheduling. For those who do not know what cannabidiol is, let me give you a little background information. In an article about the safety and side effects of cannabidiol it states, â€Å"In contrast to D9-THC, it is nonintoxicating, but exerts a number of beneficial pharmacological effects. For instance, it is anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, antiemetic, and antipsychotic. Moreover, neuroprotective properties have been shown†¦ could be used at high doses for the treatment of a variety of conditions ranging in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and dementia, as well as diabetes and nausea† (Iffland Franjo 139) In other words, cannabidiol has been shown to have medically beneficial properties as well as being non-psychoactive. What that means is that unlike the tetrahydrocannabinol, THC, it does not get you â€Å"high†. Regarding this information it is easy to see why to most want to utilize this part of the cannabis plant for its medicinal purposes and why GW Pharmaceu ticals did just that. On their website it states, â€Å"GW has established a world leading position in the development of plant-derived cannabinoid therapeutics through its proven drug discovery and development processes, intellectual property portfolio and regulatory and manufacturing expertise†¦was founded in 1998 and is listed on the NASDAQ Global Market (GWPH). The company has operations in both the US and the UK†. With this company gaining recognition, I hope to see more products from them that could be used by others without epilepsy as well. Hopefully videos like this will help to keep spreading the word about all the medically beneficial ways that cannabis can help the world. That is another reason why I gave it such a high rating. Usually when you watch videos about cannabis, the person in it could be intoxicated from the THC and may not get to the point they are trying to make. In regards to this one I think he set a great example of how informational videos about cannabis should be. Easy to hear and easy to understand. Thanks Dean for the info! WORKS CITED: Ali, Shayma, Ingrid E. Scheffer, and Lynette G. Sadleir. Efficacy of cannabinoids in paediatric epilepsy.  Developmental Medicine Child Neurology  (2018). Devinsky, Orrin, et al. Trial of cannabidiol for drug-resistant seizures in the Dravet syndrome.  New England Journal of Medicine  376.21 (2017): 2011-2020. Iffland, Kerstin, and Franjo Grotenhermen. An update on safety and side effects of cannabidiol: a review of clinical data and relevant animal studies.  Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research  2.1 (2017): 139-154. Wise, Jacqui. FDA approves its first cannabis based medicine. (2018): k2827. â€Å"Drug Scheduling.†Ã‚  DEA, www.dea.gov/drug-scheduling. â€Å"About Us.†Ã‚  GW Pharmaceuticals, Plc, gwpharm.com/about.

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Examining Mass Religious Suicide Religion Essays

Examining Mass Religious Suicide Religion Essays Examining Mass Religious Suicide Religion Essay Examining Mass Religious Suicide Religion Essay neer really saying the figure. Religious self-destruction is an action of taking one s life in the name of some kind spiritual, or sacredly associated, belief system. Equally shortly as Christian societies were formed, self-destruction was officially forbidden in them ( Durkheim,2006 ; p.292 ) . From ancient times suicide was really judged by faith and in no manner was tolerated. Evidence I came across was a penal countenance at the council of Prague in 563, which stated that people who decided to stop their life by self-destruction should be honored with no commemoration in the holy forfeit or the mass, and the vocalizing of Psalmss should non attach to their organic structures to the grave ( Durkheim,2006 ; p.292 ) . In the twenty-first century Orthodox, Catholics, Protestants ( these I am certain about ) are still non supportive of direct self-destruction. The significance of direct self-destruction is that a individual, consciously and being in stable mental status performs an act of hurt against himself. Christian traditions province that we do non hold the right to take away life that was given to us by God. Life is a gift of God and w e should appreciate that. Suicide is the cruelest signifier of slaying, due to the fact that the individual who committed self-destruction has no opportunity to remorse for the wickedness. The chief inquiry is how can somebody convert to religion, admit that God is the One who is responsible for our heartbeat- than turn their dorsums to God and unplug themselves? How can they bewray God in such manner? In Palmers book about self-destruction I found a subdivision called Myths about self-destruction . The 4th was that individuals perpetrating self-destruction are insane ( p.86 ) . Then the myth is busted by stating that people perpetrating self-destruction are normally normal . The grounds for self-destruction might be loneliness, hopelessness, weakness, deep letdown etc. What if 918 people commit self-destruction at the same clip? ( Jim Jones,1978 ) . Or 39 people kill themselves because they believe that they are go outing their human vass and will go to a gender non acknowledging starship after decease? ( Heaven s Gate, 1997 ) . Are these people merely lonely or badly depressed? Or possibly they are really non normal ? In my probe for the motive of spiritual self-destruction I searched through some lurid world-wide known events: People s Temple, Heaven s Gate, the most recent group called Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God and the inquiry of suicide poetries selflessness. Peoples s Temple The People s Temple is one of the most dramatic and well-known instance of mass spiritual self-destruction. On November 18, 1978 more than 900 people committed suicide. How a spiritual group came to that decision ? One does nt hold to delve deep to happen out the secrets of this organisation. Leader of the People s Temple was Jim Jones. This spiritual motion started when its leader made a really brilliant notice- spiritual miracles gain tonss of attending and money. Religion all in all might be a really profitable concern ( Greenberg, 1979 ) . Furthermore, by faith one may do people to follow him, by so fulfilling the demand for power and acknowledgment. Jim Jones has eventually become a metaphor, a symbol of power-hungry insanity ( Harrary, 1992 ) . In Shneidman s book The Suicidal Mind I found an analysis of Jim Jones personality. Louis West by utilizing Henry Murray s geographic expeditions in Personality and 12 demands trial evaluated Jim Jones. Out of 12 demands Jim Jones scored highest on aggression ( 12 points ) , defence ( 12 points ) , need for domination ( 12 points ) , need for attending ( 11 points ) , and turning away of shame ( 9 points ) . Interestingly in the demand for attending Jim scored the 2nd out of all presented historical people ( such as Adolph Hitler, Sigmund Freud, Vincent Van Gogh etc ) he was outscored in this demand merely by Marilyn Monroe ( 16 point ) . Some of the lowest demands were for apprehension, drama, and respect. The trial for basic demands gives us an penetration and does explicate a batch in Jones behaviour. So the creative activity of this spiritual domination did assist its leader to fulfill his basic demands for power every bit good as addition mercenary wellbeing. At first the People s Temple motion was mostly based on spiritual constructs ( mending, prays, wickednesss ) . However, the more the members of it became depended on its leader the more the motion stepped off from basic spiritual apprehension. Actually easy the God that was presented at first stepped off, and the leader of the motion Jim Jones took his topographic point. Get downing from false miracles, slippery ways of happening out information about people after on showing it as visions and weakling of household ties, it came to a point of no-escape society in which there was control over verbal look, cognitive and emotional control of the head, control of followings belongings and income ( Greenberg, 1979 ) was present. As the survived members of Peopless Temple subsequently on proclaimed they found: an unexpected sense of intent, as though they were going a portion of something inordinately important ( Harrary, 1992 ) . It turns out that for that sense of purpose Jones got to presume ultimate power over their lives ( Harrary, 1992 ) . One of the subsisters, Yolanda Williams, subsequently recalls: Although we were non shackled in ironss, our heads and Black Marias were non free, she said. Jim Jones used really slow, really seductive head control ( Carolyn, 2008 ) . Some beginnings province that Jones did drug up the participants of this motion, some province that they did hold self-destruction seek outs , others even mention that Jones was bisexual and made people watch his public intercourse both with females and males. Though the beginnings of this information seem dependable I am non certain that the instance of Jim Jones was that terrible. However, I believe that the adult male got paranoid with the thought of ultimate control. Furthermore, I do believe that he got to obsessive reading about how Stalin got people to obey him. Finally, it did made sense when aˆÂ ¦.. in his article stated that the concluding mass self-destruction, though it had some kind of message to the universe, was really the ultimate climax of power for Jones. Sadly plenty something that did get down as a faith and had some traditional elements entwined in it- finally became merely obsessional irresistible impulses of a really alone adult male. Queerly enough this adult male had his ain manner to take literally everything from people. At first people joined this motion for the interest of praying to God and functioning Him, finally they were naming Jones as their male parent and sacrificed their lives and their kids lives for him and his superb thought of directing an evolutionary message to the universe. Some subsisters province that People s Temple was the best thing that happened to them, others called it a calamity . Still there is one fact that no 1 can doubt or reason about- more than 900 people died that twenty-four hours, doing November 18 historical day of the month. Heaven s Gate If the old flooring mass self-destruction required logic for apprehension, the Heaven s Gate event requires one to turn the ability of imaginativeness. The figure of victims is much smaller, the media s attending was much less enthusiastic, less articles online, less reviews, less adept probe. However, this group decidedly stands out when compared to others- that by perpetrating self-destruction together at the right clip, they will go forth their containers ( organic structures ) behind. The psyche goes to kip until it is replanted in another container ( Robinson, 2009 ) . Thi belief led 39 people to perpetrate suicide get downing on 23 of March ( 10 people a twenty-four hours ) , 1997. The chief motive of the self-destruction was that The latter will be on-board a UFO infinite ship such as the 1 that they believe is presently hidden behind the Hale-Bopp comet ( Robinson, 2009 ) . They feared that the starship might go forth from its current location and the group will neglect to be on board, unless they take away their lives now. Analyzing the belief system one can understand why despite such unusual thoughts, mentioned above, the group was still called Christian. When it comes to the rudimentss of the faith this group did hold a batch in common with the traditional faiths, nevertheless they decided to spice it up a small. So alternatively of saying that God sent his Son Jesus to the Earth, this group goes like: He left his organic structure behind, transported to Earth in a space-ship, and incarnated ( moved into ) a human organic structure, that of Jesus Christ ( Robinson, 2009 ) . Basically the chief facets of Christianity are taken, and UFO s elements are someway entwined into that. Somehow reading about these groups the leaders are ever even more absorbing than the groups themselves. The leader of this group was Marshall Applewhite. Some of the elements of the group might be explained by how the group s leader understood the universe. Applewhite did acknowledge being homosexual, after his guidance and aˆzhealing aˆzprocess failed, he was truly defeated. He was a homosexual and a homophobe at the same clip. It is believed that his facet of his life led to the fact that the group members in Heaven s gate were gender-free, no sexual individuality, no sex. This is why they cropped their hair so short, abstained from sex, wore indistinguishable vesture upon decease, and the work forces were castrated ( Hornberger, 1997 ) . When the organic structures were found on the 27th of March, 1997 They dressed in unisex garments: amorphous black shirts with Mandarin neckbands, and black bloomerss ( Robinson, 2009 ) . This group had a strong connexion to the universe via cyberspace ; moreover they spent a batch of clip shooting their thoughts on tape on posting them online. FBI did shut the site after the incident, nevertheless, some followings reposted it and one can entree it now and track the rudimentss thoughts of the group belief system. The group was examined exhaustively by the sceptics, reviews and many more. The compulsion with the UFO was someway explained that this thought was popular in the late 90 s. Movies, Tv would be that all of the people who committed self-destruction had $ 5 measures, quarters ( 55? ) in their ownership upon decease ( is at that place a toll route to Heaven s Gate? ) ; the starship is 25 stat mis broad ; etc. At the clip of this composing the significance of this numerology is non clear ( Sceptic, 1997 ) . Hornberger states that one of the primary features of cults is the denial of world . He points out that Heaven s Gate did broaden the boundaries of that denial rather far. For them their action of taking away their ain lives was non really perpetrating suicide alternatively they embarked on an exciting, intergalactic infinite escapade . Motion for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God. So far we had a really a instance which required logical thought, another one where imaginativeness and tolerance had to take topographic point, now a cryptic instance surrounded with many contentions and arguments will be presented. I decided to non settle my research in Europe or USA, allow us go to Uganda. Motion for the Restoration of Ten Commandments of God was formed someplace in the late 80 s. This motion was celebrated for its highly rigorous followers of the 10 commandments of God. An illustration could that they refused to speak and used mark linguistic communication or notes in order non, even by accident, interrupt the 9 the commandment of God- Thou shalt non bear false informant against thy neighbour . This motion was instead unseeable in the universe until one twenty-four hours when more than 300 members ( subsequently on stated more than 900 ) of the motion locked themselves in the church and set the church on fire ( Santucci, 2000 ) . The motion started as one of its leader, one of the most of import 1s, Joseph Kibweteere, convinced people that he heard a conversation between the Virgin Mary and Jesus in 1987 foretelling the universe would be destroyed for non obeying the Ten Commandments ( Santucci, 2000 ) . This portion is clear and easy. However, why self-destructions took topographic point than? There is grounds that the leaders of the motion predicted the terminal of the universe on the December 31, 2000 ( Santucci, 2000 ) . After this notice the members of the group started to sell and donate their properties and ownerships. Some of the group members antecedently to the self-destruction indicated: All along they had said that this [ church ] is the boat of Noah ( Santucci, 2000 ) . However, the terminal of the universe did non go on and there are grounds that the church attendants demanded their money back from the leaders ; alternatively of money self-destruction was offered? There is one popular theory that this was non a self-destruction, but instead a mass slaying organized by the leaders of the motion. Subsequently on 153 organic structures were discovered in another compound belonging to the spiritual group in nearby Buhunga ( Robinson,2000 ) . Numbers do nt halt here: 155 organic structures were unearthed in a mass grave in a sugarcane field in Fr. Dominic Kataribabo s estate at Rugazi , Another 81 organic structures, including 44 kids were discovered on the farm of laic leader Joseph Nymurinda ( Robinson,2000 ) . The instance of decease in the found organic structures was hard to province ( toxicant, fighting was mentioned ) , though the organic structures were buried in one grave. Religious Tolerance organisation states that this instance is really hard analyze due to many obstructions some of which are- The country is far off the beaten path for intelligence gatherers , There are major cultural differences between newsmans and local citizens , Local forensic resources appear unequal to manage the probe . Till this twenty-four hours there is no 1 decision on which everyone would hold on. Some province that the leaders of the motion, when demanded to give back the money, killed the group members who demanded that. Others province that when the terminal of the universe did non go on the members of the motion decided to stop their lives anyways. I was believing that the group leaders may really convert them to perpetrate self-destruction, if they succeeded to convert them about the terminal of the universe. Due to the many factors which Uganda is confronting, the organic structures were non located immediately. The instance was closed without an official concluding study ; there were non adequate resources to do a trusty probe. The grounds that is presented in the articles may confront different reading. Mine was that more than 3oo people would non come in a church were the Windowss and doors are shut down, and do nil while they are being set on fire. Possibly this instance does non trul y exactly travel along with the subject ; nevertheless I thought this instance could non be left without attending and merely ignored. Commonalties It seems that all motions which led to a mass spiritual self-destruction have some facets in common. Some of which, I noticed, were a strong doctrine and reading of spiritual traditions. Either compulsively obeying the Ten Commandments or remaining pure and clean-no sex merely adopt kids ( Jim Jones ) , acts of emasculation ( Heaven s Gate ) . In add-on to that all motion had a talented leader who had a great sum of power over the group members. Furthermore, the leader seemed to hold some strong accomplishments in both public speech production and persuasion techniques. Jim Jones ( People Temple ) , who created miracles and had the power to convert people to follow his every universe. Marshall Applewhite ( Heaven s Gate ) , who came up with the thought of unisex people and the trip to spaceship- win in convincing in both. Joseph Kibweteere ( Movement for the Restoration of Ten Commandments of God ) , positive people that he had talked to Virgin Mary and she mentioned the terminal of the universe in 2000. The last two presentments seem to travel manus in manus with each other. Two of import facet for all group ends: distance of the group members from their household and taking control of groups mercenary ownerships. By insulating the group from its household members and friends the leader of the group illuminated any other beginning of information that the member could hold entree to. Finally all the members in all the groups had merely one strong, relentless and changeless beginning of information. The money issue was simple. The group leaders convinced the members to give and donate their money for the church to thrive. On the one manus people give away everything they have so no worries left. Their lone concern is the church now. On the other manus if a individual s gives off all his money for a belief system, so the doubting of that belief system decreases quickly. The component of self-destruction itself has different motive for all of the groups, tho ugh all groups, evidently, had that component in common. I believe its leaders initiative for the self-destruction to go on. First of all the political relations in the group were handled in a manner that the people had to obey, liberty was decidedly non praised in these communities. Peoples got used to follow, easy in all of these groups the thought of God was substituted with something. The message that life is the most superb gift from God was wiped off. The leader came up with the thought of self-destruction in the name of whatever, and the motion participants were so used to follow every word that even this thought was non questioned. Untitled I would wish to advert the construct of self-sacrifice in the name of the faith and how it differs from self-destruction. This portion of the universe is truly affected by the Soviet Union times. I wo nt advert all of the impacts merely the faith one. I somewhat different glimpse at the thought of giving your life off in the name of faith is offered. Soviet Union wanted its home grounds to be atheist by all agencies. In the first five old ages of the Soviet Union ( 1922-26 ) , 28 Russian Orthodox bishops and more than 1,200 priests were executed, and many others were persecuted ( US, Library of Congress ) . By the 1940s merely approximately 500 Russian Orthodox parishes were unfastened at that clip, compared with the estimated 54,000 that had existed before World War I ( US Library of Congress ) . Christians were wiped off from the Russian land? There are many narratives, even in our history books, were illustrations of true religion are presented. Peoples were forced to give away God, nevertheless many did non acknowledge to make that. They stayed faithful and refused to deny God s being, despite the fact that for these statements they were sent to working cantonments where most of them spent the last yearss of their lives in torment and hurting. Due to famishments and bad conditions their decease twenty-four hours appro ached much sooner than it should in normal conditions. There is no statistics for how many people really refused to accept godlessness and faced terrible effects for making that ( decease on the topographic point, life in prisons, in working cantonments ) . Can this be called mass spiritual self-destruction? Peoples knew that for their noncompliance they will confront decease in the nearest hereafter, nevertheless still went for it. There were instances when Christian took away their lives themselves in order non to give away other Christians. Is it self-sacrifice or suicide? Can these actions be called the biggest wickedness of the human being or is it the most extraordinary thing a human being can make in the name of faith? So is this simple self-destruction or an action of giving off the most cherished gift one has in order for the God s name to thrive? Decision No judgement was offered. The point was to demo how diverse this subject could be ; how many different apprehension and readings might be found. It seems that spiritual motions, slightly similar to those presented here, have really different motives when they are created. Some start as faiths dedicated to function Jesus, nevertheless, no 1 in the motion realizes or tracks how the figure of Jesus is substituted with some leader who is obsessed by power. It seems that people s religion sometimes is so blinded that they do nt truly recognize what is traveling on around them. And something that is supposed to convey joy and peace, and longer life ( it is believed that spiritual people live longer ) really turn out to be wholly the antonym. Or possibly all of the narratives presented here are merely the same as the last one? Possibly all those people did the extraordinary thing of giving their lives in the name of God? I believe God will make up ones mind. While the two chief American values are conflicting: the right to seek 1 s ain version of spiritual truth in whatever mode one chooses and the right to be free from coercion and use in the name of person else s version of spiritual truth ( USA today, 1992 ) I want to stop with God s message: You are the visible radiation of the worldaˆÂ ¦ , allow your light radiance before work forces, that they see your good workss and praise your Father in Eden ( Matthew, 5:14 ) . For I know the programs I have for you, declares the Lord, plans to thrive you and non to harm you, plans to give you hope and a hereafter ( Jeremiah 29:11 ) . This sounds like an invitation to populate a long life and avoid activities that would harm both flesh and psyche.

Monday, November 4, 2019

Report on order entry points in the spectrum of supply management Coursework

Report on order entry points in the spectrum of supply management - Coursework Example Review of all the references quoted in my report and eliminated those which obstructed the flow of the report 5. I have also reviewed the relevancy of the case studies and made improvement over them. 6. At the end I would like to say big thanks to Dr. Rob Dekkers who help me and made me to produce such a model report. Table of contents Summary5 Introduction...6 Evolution of the Concept of Order Entry Point ........8 Research Methodology and Scope of the Report ..............................................9 Customer Order Decoupling Points - Concept and the Basics ..10 Customer Order Entry Point as Distinguished From Customer Order Decoupling point 16 Order Entry Point and Its Control Capability for Logistics ......17 O.E.P. and its effects on Supply Chain Management ..........20 Case Study23 Order Entry Point and Engineering Management ..25 Case Study27 Production Management Perspective in Order Entry Point ......28 Case Study29 Logistics Control and Physical Distribution 30 Case Study31 Conclusion ...33 10.0 References ...34 11.0 Glossary ..38 LIST OF FIGURS Figure # Description Page # 1 Order Entry Matrix. 13 2 Manufacturing Process and CODP 15 3 Representation of material Decoupling Point 22 4 Comparison of Material and Information Decoupling points within a Supply Chain 22 5 Changes that can be expected by a firm by implementing the Modular Design 26 SUMMARY: A firm to be successful in the global environment should manage its supply chain in such a way that the problems caused by distance, language, time ones, business practices, tariffs and other impediments to an efficient flow materials are eliminated or minimized to the maximum possible extent. Irrespective of... Report on order entry points in the spectrum of supply management Case studies enlightening the excellence and achievements in various fields of management are also included to make the report more interesting to the reader. Unlike the earlier reports, this one encompasses the relationship of order entry point to different fields of management like supply management, engineering management, production management and logistics and distribution which makes the report unique. A firm to be successful in the global environment should manage its supply chain in such a way that the problems caused by distance, language, time ones, business practices, tariffs and other impediments to an efficient flow materials are eliminated or minimized to the maximum possible extent. Irrespective of the time of placing the order or providing complete details with respect to his expectations, the customer always wants his delivery in the appointed time and date. The delivery date for the final product or service appears to be a strong concrete wall which will never move and every person and process walking towards this wall has to adjust their course of movements such that there is no direct hit against wall. An efficient distribution management has resulted in a higher sales turnover for ‘Timberland’ from $ 293 million in 1992 to $862 million in 1998. Based on the increase in the demand for boots and other products, the company made a reengineering of inventory management and distribution processes. With this reengineering process the company reduced the number of distribution centers to three from the unwieldy state of having thirteen distribution centers spread allover the country.

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Clinical immunology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Clinical immunology - Essay Example The allergen specific test is conducted using IgE antibodies which are found in mucous membranes, lungs and even the skin. The skin prick test on the other hand is external and more of an observation of the skin’s reaction to the allergens therefore house dust termites allergen cannot be detected through it (Sicherer,2012). Question 3 The major allergens in milk are casein and whey which are the components of milk that trigger reaction with the IgE. In peanut, there is the Ara h1 which is contained in the cotyledon and looks like vicilin (Tan , Lebeck & Nehlsen-Cannarella , 2012). Peanut and tree nuts may both test positive to a test but this does not necessarily mean that the said person is allergic to both since there are false positives. This means the child can test positive but still eat the food without having any problem. It is a kind of seed storage that triggers the reaction with IgE. In eggs, there are the ovamucoid and ovalbumin which have been identified as the maj or allergens, there are lesser ones. These two are found in the egg white (Bellanti, 2011). Question 4 Th-2 cells triggers the activation of mast cells, B cells and eosinophils that produce IgE antibodies. Th-2 produces IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13 and it also regulates eosinophil and B cell mediated responses. IL-17 is a group of cytokines that support inflammation that are produced by activated memory cells. This cytokine takes part in the creation of an immunological response that is dependent on Th-2 cells. This happens through the introduction of cytokines derived by Th-2 (Tan, Lebeck & Nehlsen-Cannarella, 2012).This is supported by the inflammation of the eosiniphil. The characteristics of response induced by different IL-17 all comes down to their structure. These differences therefore determine their functions biologically. Question 5 Histamine is organic and also a nitrogen compound that is normally involved in immune responses and it also regulates the physiological functions o f the gut. It activates inflammatory response when it acts as a neurotransmitter. Basophils produce histamine and by studying their release assay, the physician is able to determine the main allergy/asthma.PGD2 binds to receptor PTGDR and CRTH2; it is produced by mast cells and is very critical when it comes to the development of asthma and other allergic diseases. This makes it an important aspect when treatment of an allergy victim is done. The release assay can show the intensity of the allergy hence helping the physician determine the best medication or therapy. Eosinophil Cationic Protein can also be called ribonuclease 3 and is related to allergies because when an allergic reaction occurs, there number of ECP in the body rises significantly especially in areas with inflammations. Question 6 Hygiene hypothesis states that when one is not exposed to infectious agents at an early childhood stage, their chances of being susceptible to allergic diseases since the development of the ir immune system is suppressed hence making them have an immune system that can barely defend the body (Tan , Lebeck & Nehlsen-Cannarella , 2012).The polarized response by Th1 is not introduced to the system early enough